Water jet chopping is a producing process that uses high pressure jets of water provided by pressurizing pumps that deliver a supersonic stream of water to chop and shape numerous types of materials. The water in water jet chopping is pressurized to 392 MPa and projected utilizing a small precision nozzle. Because the water leaves the nozzle, it reaches speeds which might be 3 times the speed of sound.
Pure water jet chopping with water as its medium is designed for soft supplies comparable to wood, plastics, and rubber. When an abrasive is added to the water stream, such as titanium, stainless metal, aluminum, glass, ceramic materials, and concrete, chopping becomes more aggressive and capable of reducing hard metals.
Chapter Two – How Water Jet Cutting Works
The water jet reducing process may be accomplished in a number of different ways. The mainity of the strategies have an abrasive blended into the water to blast particles from the workpiece. It is a very versatile manufacturing process that can be utilized to cut, form, and design a workpiece to satisfy actual specifications.
The shaping methodology used for water jet cutting has several advantages over other reducing processes, comparable to plasma or laser. Water jet chopping has higher accuracy, can lower complicated designs, and is able to cut thermally sensitive surfaces.
The Process of Water Jet Cutting
Measuring Kerf Width
Kerf width relates to the fabric being removed as a part of a reducing process. The term was initially used to seek advice from the material removed by the reducing of a noticed blade. Within the case of a water jet cutter, it refers to the width of the stream, which is normally 0.04 inch or smaller. The inside corners reduce by water jet chopping have a radius that matches the width of the stream. The kerf depends on quite a lot of factors, which embody material thickness, type of material, reducing quality, and the nature of the waterjet nozzle.
The dimensions of the kerf is a crucial design factor that needs to be accounted for when determining the dimensions of the final product. If the kerf is 0.042 inches, the dimensions of the final part have to be adjusted to account for the cutting width or the ultimate part will be 0.042 inch off.
Initial Water Jet Piercing
The first lower made by a water jet cutter is referred to as the pierce, which is wider than the traditional kerf. The initiation of the pierce is the first step within the water jet reducing process. It can be completed in a number of completely different ways with stationary, linear, circular, and low pressure being the most typical methods. Which of the piercing strategies is used is dependent on the fabric to be cut and the amount of scrap produced.
Tapering in Kerf Width
Tapering in water jet cutting refers back to the kerf width at the top of the lower and its width at the bottom. Water jet cuts have a V-shaped taper, which is generated because the stream loses some of its energy as it cuts deeper into the material, with more material being removed at the top than at the bottom.
Gradual reducing speeds produce a reverse taper the place the kerf width is wider at the bottom, which is caused by removing more materials on the backside of the cut. The reverse taper could be seen when slicing soft, pliable materials.
Barrel tapers are created when the minimize is widest in the middle of the cut, which occurs when chopping extraordinarily thick materials.
For most chopping, tapering does not matter and can be used as a benefit for sure jobs. In the case of precision tooling where lower pieces must fit collectively accurately, tapering could be a problem and must be taken into consideration.
Pressurizing the Water
Several methods are used to pressurize the water, together with linear intensifiers and rotary direct drive pumps. The 2 types of pumps have a motor, water filters, control systems, and sensors.
Linear intensifier pumps use pressurized hydraulic oil at a pressure of 3000 psi. Low pressure oil pushes against a piston that has a face space that’s 20 instances bigger than that of the high pressure plunger that pushes against the water. Since the measurement of the low pressure pump is 20 occasions bigger than that of the high pressure one, the pressure on the larger plunger is intensified 20 instances, yielding a pressure of 60,000 psi.
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